Different Cultural Identities Dilemma Essay

The journal Farewell to Manzanar, composed by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston, recounts her involvement with Manzanar internment camp after the Pacific War broke out. During the internment of Japanese-Americans, their expectations for everyday comforts fell definitely; additionally, they confronted Japanese and American qualities and character clashes. It was difficult for these Japanese Americans to keep up two diverse social personalities for a few reasons. In any case, they experienced racial separation. During the 1940s, standard society and the administration oppressed Japanese Americans who were seen as conceivably risky individuals who may deceive the US. In this way, Japanese Americans saw it was hard as acknowledged by others in America. What's more, they to a great extent demanded their own social characters. They were not ready to surrender Japanese characters subsequent to showing up in America. Chinese settlers might want to get together and shaped Chinatown for a similar expla nation. In the article, â€Å"Two universes, one family,† Jen Maldonado was forced on pressure by her Taiwanese companions who demanded Chinese culture, when she needed to build up a multifaceted relationship with an American. It is difficult to effectively adjust two diverse social characters in light of racial separation and the adherence to people’s previous culture as will be demonstrated utilizing proof from Farewell to Manzanar, â€Å"Two universes, one family† and my own perceptions. During the 1940s, Japanese-Americans experienced racial separation; in this manner, they made some hard memories getting into standard society and adjusting their social characters. The legislature never demonstrated full trust towards these migrants who were seen as dangers to American national security. So as to regulate Japanese-Americans and forestall any potential threat, the legislature moved Japanese Americans to internment camps, which exacerbated social clashes and subverted essential human rights. The supremacist choice that the administration caused drove Japanese Americans to feel that they were incongruent with American culture. Due to the racial separation the legislature introduced, numerous Japanese foreigners thought they were offended, thus they attempted to acknowledge their American characters. Some of them even needed to dispose of American personalities and returned to Japan. Therefore, racial separation undermined their American characters. Houston and her companion Radine shared numerous characteristics in like manner and turned into the closest companions. In spite of the fact that they were socially equivalent, they were treated in totally various ways due to prejudice. Houston was not socially acknowledged by standard society as Radine might have been. Young men were bound to ask Radine to the moves, despite the fact that they played with Houston. Houston was banned from sororities, yet Radine was confessed to go along with them. Houston said that, â€Å"Watching, I am basically discharged, and in the fantasy I need to shout out, in light of the fact that she is something I can never be†(172). Houston attempted constantly to hold American personality; nonetheless, bias of her oriental attributes discouraged her exertion. She anticipated satisfying her American character, yet she was excessively vulnerable and feeble to challenge tremendous racial segregation, Other than partiality against Japanese-Americans, another explanation that made individuals from various societies battle to adjust two social personalities was adherence to their own way of life. In the wake of showing up at the landmass and remaining there for quite a long time, numerous Japanese foreigners despite everything thought about that they were more Japanese than American. They were not ready to surrender their own way of life, thus they stood up to social clashes. A minority of individuals in the camps named individuals from the Japanese American Citizens League â€Å"inu† for â€Å"having helped the military orchestrate a quiet and deliberate evacuation†(67). â€Å"Inu† implied partner or source in Japanese. The disdain towards these master American Japanese foreigners and rude affront words uncovered their solid faith in Japan and threatening vibe towards America. To people’s shock, the author’s father who rose up to safeguard the perspective that foreigners ought to be faithful to American government was ambushed and censured by his friends. Despite the fact that these expert Japan workers had been in America for a long time, they despite everything demanded that they were increasingly Japanese. It was the idea that some Japanese Americans were not fit for incorporating into American culture and adjusting two personalities. Chinatown exemplified that Chinese settlers demanded their own way of life. Chinese migrants were seen as a gathering of traditionalist and un-American individuals after they previously came to America. They indicated unmistakable fascinations for protecting Chinese culture, however they would not adjust to American culture. In this manner, their refusal to surrender Chinese personality prompted their disengagement and inability to adjust two social characters Their adherence advanced the development of Chinatown, a Chinese world in outsider nations. In the article, â€Å"Two universes, one family,† â€Å"Jen’s Taiwanese companions began giving her despondency for dating an American.† They were severe about Chinese culture and dismissed the multifaceted marriage. Jen was likewise cautioned that she â€Å"‘needed to stay with somebody from her own culture.'† By this, her companions trusted that Jen could hold her Chinese character by narrowing down her dating range. Notwithstanding, numerous cases had demonstrated that the mu ltifaceted marriage assumed a significant job in adjusting diverse social personalities. At the point when individuals with various social foundations choose to shape diverse families, they manufacture a scaffold of social correspondence. In this way, her friends’ musings subverted social trade. To close, it is difficult to effectively adjust two diverse social personalities. Racial segregation prevented Japanese Americans from adjusting their social characters. In the wartime, the standard society held antagonistic vibe towards these settlers, thus they were separated by the lion's share. Also, some people’s adherence to their previous culture turned into the obstruction of coordinating into American culture. Chinese consistently attempted to have culturally diverse interchanges continue viably and effectively because of their emphasis on Chinese personality. In the article, â€Å"Two universes, one family,† Jen was trusted that she could date Chinese people by her companions. Be that as it may, their request appeared to be obstinate in light of the fact that it blocked compelling correspondence between individuals from various social foundations. So as to adjust two distinctive social characters, individuals ought to be progressively permissive with newcomers and increasingly open to new culture.

Ancient Civilizations Essay example -- essays research papers

Early American Civilizations      Early American human advancements were made out of four unique gatherings of individuals. These four gatherings were made out of the Mayas, Aztecs, Incas, and the North Americans. These gatherings were the equivalent from numerous points of view, yet had a few contrasts that would recognize their gathering from the others. These human advancements governed the Americas for significant stretch of time. These human advancements were the equivalent in pretty much every manner, except they had their disparities to show that they were a very surprising gathering of individuals.      The first gathering that will be examined is the Mayas. The Mayas were believed to be serene stargazers for quite a while, however not up to this point the fact of the matter was revealed about the Mayas. The Mayas were really leaders of the crowded, forceful city-states. The Mayas fabricated enormous sanctuaries for the wonder of the rulers and in some cases the sovereigns who administered urban communities of many thousands. They additionally had a preference for self-mutilation, fighting, and a drawn out torment of hostages. The Mayas had fighting with rival urban communities regularly. Generally the Mayas did this to catch nobles for torment and penance. On the off chance that the Mayas relinquished less people than the Aztecs, against whom they regularly had been held up as unrivaled, they tormented their casualties all the more violently. One way they would torment individuals is, in antiquated ball games, similar to Roman gladiatorial challenges, pitted  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â prisoners were against each other for their lives; the heads of washouts were at times utilized for balls. In this determination Reilly specifies how a ruler would plan for war. He stated, “Before doing battle, for instance, the ruler would cut his penis with a stingray spine, while his better half drew a thistle thorned rope through her tongue'; (Reilly, 326). The Mayas thought this was an indispensable procedure for s... ...ey had a really decent correspondence framework, yet nothing on a par with the Incas. The distinction that isolates the North Americans from different gatherings is that they had the great hills.      These bunches had their particular similitudes, however the distinctions set them apart. The path for the Mayas to particular themselves from the others is that they had agreement among all the gatherings of individuals. The Aztecs were diverse on the grounds that they were by all accounts stricter about things, and they didn’t have the agreement among all the individuals like the Mayas. In contrast to the others, Inca’s rulers attempted to stay in contact with the individuals he managed over, and the Incas had an incredible wellspring of correspondence dissimilar to the others. The North Americans isolated themselves by being less merciless to individuals, and had those immense hills, which were great structures. Despite the fact that they were the equivalent in most ways, these individuals were distinctive from numerous points of view. In the event that the weren’t, at that point it would have been one gathering of individuals managing the Americas. These slight contrasts make these individuals contrast each other and the remainder of the world as a result of their tremendous achievements.

Underwater Dreams (from a distance)

Underwater Dreams (from a distance) A month and a half ago, a 450-seat lecture hall at MIT filled with people, and those peopled filled with eagerness, then silence, then questions, then hope. The event was the showing of Underwater Dreams, a documentary about an Arizona high school robotics team of undocumented Mexican immigrants. “Ten years ago, they beat MIT,” reads a headline on AZ Central.com. “Today, it’s complicated.” The film screening was followed by a discussion panel. Sofia Campos (MCP 2015), Jose G. (Course 16, Class of 2017), Renata Teodoro (of UMass Boston and United We Dream), and Junot Díaz (author, Pulitzer-prizewinning MacArthur Genius, MIT professor, and Dominican immigrant) took questions from the audience. They spoke movingly, optimistically, and devastatingly. Yuliya blogged about it. I scrawled words on the flyer I’d taken at the door, wanting to remember every sentence I heard, every piece of the story. my notes on the flyer brochure? pamphlet? card? whatever you call it, it was sturdy and well-designed The next day, I approached a friend. Ruben P. ’18 had stood up before the panel, and along with several other members of DreaMIT, come out as an undocumented immigrant. He is laid-back, friendly, with a subtle sense of humor. When I asked him what he’d like to say to students in his situation, undocumented students thinking of applying to MIT, his response was quick. “Do it,” he said. “You never know what’s gonna happen.” He told me his story, or part of it, at least. No one’s journey to MIT is typical. His wasn’t. This is what he told me: “We all took different paths, my brothers and sisters,” Ruben said. “My youngest brother was born here. Everything’s gonna be different for him, because he has papers. I’m glad he doesn’t have to struggle like we didâ€"once you’ve been through that, you don’t want anyone else to go through itâ€"but I hope he learns to fight as hard as we did. If you have the money, you have the status, you have so many opportunities. You can hand them off to your children. I’m a first generation everything. First generation middle school, high school, college. People asked me, I wondered, why am I working so hard if there’s no guarantee that I’m gonna make it? You never knew if you would be allowed to go to college [because of your undocumented status]. Some teachers didn’t think I should even try. Fuck your shit, was my response. I’m doing this. I’m doing it better than anyone else in the school.” He did, and he’s here. DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) granted Ruben a two-year work permit and exemption from deportation. “It’s a temporary thing,” he said. “You don’t know what you’re gonna do if this falls through.” And DACA does not offer protection to everyone. He echoed Sofia’s words from the night before: “There are 12 million undocumented people in this country, and my parents are a part of that story just as much as I am…. Even though I have deferred action, which grants us safety from deportation and legal work permits, I still live in fear that my parents will be deported any day. I still live in fear that when my DACA expires… what’s gonna happen then?” Things have changed. These conversations took place before Obama’s executive action on immigration. Of the millions of undocumented people living in the United States, many more are safe now than were before. DACA has been expanded and the age cutoff for applying has been removed. The parents of some green card holders and U.S. citizens will be protected, and “cases involving immigrants and families with no criminal history” will become lower priorities relative to cases involving immigrants with serious criminal records. These reforms have come late and hard, but they have comeâ€"thanks to people like Sofia Campos and Renata Teodoro. They are DREAMers, young, undocumented activists and organizers building a movement around their own histories. They are not finished, nor are they narrow in focus. If the panel that night had a theme, it was hope sustained by action, collective and individual. Sofia spoke on unity and intersectionality. Renata spoke on courage and perseverance. J ose gave heart to people facing the obstacles he has overcome. Junot told us the importance of civic engagement. And a young man in the audience, Austin Thompson, asked a question that struck the core of the conversation. “My name is Austin Thompson,” he began, “and I’m extraordinarily happy to be in here, considering I was on the waitlist.” He smiled, and the roomâ€"full to capacityâ€"murmured laughingly. “I am African-American,” he continued, “and growing up I knew that my ancestors didn’t choose to come here, that they were brought here, and I heard folks on the panel talk about how they envisioned America, what it could look like. I grew up envisioning, where else could I go outside of America. Walking down the street, dribbling a basketball, a neighbor called the police on me. The police put me in handcuffs at twelve years old, put me in the back of a cop car not believing that I lived there, and I had to call my parents to prove it. So the sense of not belonging I’ve understood. There’s a cognitive dissonance when the ideal place to escape to is where I live and where I’m experiencing the unbelonging. And that’s my fascination I’ve always been attracted to the undocumented movement because I think what it does is it opens up a deeper question about who belongs, and what does ‘We the People’ really mean, and how do you all conceive of a transformative movemen t that includes people of all different ethnicities, backgrounds, identities, but goes beyond citizenship to the existential question of who belongs, and who matters in America.” He asked this question before November 24, before last Wednesday. Before the grand jury decided not to indict Darren Wilson for the shooting of Michael Brown, before the announcement that there would be no charges against Daniel Pantaleo for killing Eric Garner. Before the most recent legal flourishes confirming the continuation of our country’s violent, racist history. But the protests had begun, and the grief and resolve had begun to spread, and the audience, this night, was receptive. Sofia’s answer was spot on. I don’t want to string any more of the panelists words together loosely, interrupted by my own. Below are some of the notes I tookâ€"powerful quotes from the panelists, starting with Sofia’s response to Austin. Sofia Campos: “Reaching for our dreams of our transformational kind of process to transform our society, transform our fear into love, I think is a very important goal, and something that can’t be done alone, but can only be done together. And something that isn’t only going to impact this country, but is going to impact the world. I’m learning about China right now and Chinese immigration, and I’m seeing just how much impact U.S. policies have across the globe. The fact that we have the world record for deportations in this countryâ€"over 2 million, just under the current administrationâ€"speaks volumes as to how we see humanity and how we see how the world should be in the future. We don’t only have the world record of deportations, we also have the world record of incarcerations, over 2 million also. And that’s a black and Latino issue. Unfortunately, right now, we have for-profit prisons that make money off of undocumented people, immigrants, black people, brown people. Literally , you can arrest somebody, hold them in a detention center or a jail for an inordinate amount of time, and corporations, companies are making money off of that. How did we let it get to that point? It’s not just the corporations doing that. It’s all of us, letting it get there. And so for me, organizing, building relationships, not just learning about my identity but learning how all these things are connected has opened up my mind and opened up my heart in ways that I never imagined possible. And now, I don’t want to go to college to make money, that’s not my intent at MIT. That might have been my intent when I tried to go to UCLA, because that’s how they teach you to think about college oftentimes. You go to college to make good money, and get a good job which means you make more money. But through the movement, through organizing like I said, I learned discipline, I learned strategy, and I also learned people power, and something bigger and better than money. And so my purpose for being here at MIT was to brainstorm ideas for how to reach that kind of transformation and that kind of society. I’ve learned that it’s very complex. I hope there are a lot more people who want to reach for that vision with me, because there’s no way a few people can do it alone.“ “I’m here because I’m honoring the sacrifices that my family has made. I graduate in May year with my Master’s in Urban Planning, and I have become empowered through the immigrant youth movement, I have able to find my own voice and find my power, find my story and be able to tell it in a strong and powerful way. Because of my undocumented status and because of the reality and truth that my peers showed me rather than what the media showed me. My parents chose to keep our undocumented status a secret because of what society told us undocumented meant, illegal meant, alien meant. All of that shame, all of that fear, all of that stigma, is created by a society and created by a system… that is crazy, and that is illogical, and that is inhumane, also. Our group DreaMIT and our immigrant youth movement shows us otherwise, and proves to usâ€"in mind and education, but also in heart and in storytellingâ€"that there is a better way, and that we can work to create that change. We wo n deferred action through our immigrant youth organizing. It was a total national undocumented youth-led movement that won deferred action, and it’s a small step in something much greater that we’re trying to achieve. It’s not a complete tragedy. It actually has a lot of heart in it, and a lot of love, and a lot of hope.” Philip Clay (former chancellor of MIT, professor of city planning, and the moderator of the panel): What jumped in my mind was the idea that talent seeks expression. All of the individuals from Carl Hayden High that we got to see…all of them were seeking to have, in a very joyous and a very active way, an expression of their talent. We have to take responsibility for whether that talented is fully realized, whether that talent is allowed to grow, and of course we saw that it was not. We have a very good opportunity to turn what has been a disappointment and even a tragedy in terms of the lack of engagement with expanding opportunity into something different. And Junot Diaz, who drove the point home: “An extraordinary part of being alive at this time is that our youth have taken up with so much of our political and religious and academic leadership, have advocated this sort of ethical, moral compass for our nation. It’s been an extraordinary thing to witness and to be a part of. We live in a country where we’re basically told to be really scared and to try to make as much money as possible, and those are about the only two modalities people should live in, and yet we have this group of young undocumented activists and community workers who have really provided an alternate model, for not only how to be a civic-minded person, how to be an American, but also simply how to live, and how to live ethically, and how to live in a way that is very human and humane, and that has been incredibly inspiring.” We ask ourselves these questions, trying to figure out how to live. We go on living in the meantime, working, tending to the nitty gritty, keeping ourselves afloat, but we must return to these questions. Tomorrow, we may wear black. Maybe well get distracted or overwhelmed or tired. Maybe well hear a new story and remember it, find new hope and latch on to it. Narratives are helpful because they contain progress; stories are powerful when they contain hope. Thats all Im writing tonight. UNDERWATER DREAMS Trailer 2-2014 from 50EGGS on Vimeo.

The Central Intelligence Agency ( Cia ) Arranged Numerous...

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) arranged numerous assassinations attempts on Fidel Castro which helped damage the relations between the United States and Cuba. To understand why the US saw Castro as a threat, it is necessary to learn about how he attained that power and what Cuba was like. Colonel Fulgencio Batista had originally been elected as president, but he appointed himself to be the dictator of Cuba in 1933. He used the army and police to keep control over people, and those who were against his leadership were either killed or imprisoned. Life under Batista was difficult for many Cubans since no one was allowed to disagree with government. There were many food shortages and many hungry people. Poverty was common and there was†¦show more content†¦Cuban newspapers, radio, and television stations were shut down as well. The only source of news came from the government. The CIA arranged more than 600 attempts to execute Fidel Castro, most of which were silly. They wanted to spray his broadcasting studio with a chemical which could produce erratic behaviour. They eventually had to cease this operation because the chemical was later proved to be unreliable and dangerous. Another method, was that they tried to soak a box of cigars with a chemical that induced temporary disorientation. The CIA had hoped Castro would smoke on of these cigars before giving a speech, however, it was not known whether or not Castro ever got the special cigars. Castro loved scuba-diving, so the CIA even tried to plant explosives in rocks or sea shells that would blow up once he came in close contact with them. The CIA also planned to dust his shoes with thallium salts. By doing this, they hoped his beard would fall off his face, which would therefore destroy his image. All of their assassination attempts failed even though they had numerous opportunities. As Castro continued to live on, the CIA did not like that Castro was unpredictable, so they decided they wanted a more American-friendly ruler to be replaced with him just to be safe. They began to make plans for Cuban exiles to infiltrate Cuba to get rid of him. This led to the Bay of Pigs invasion. The CIA wanted Castro’s intelligence to think theShow MoreRelatedBible Versus the Toran12356 Words   |  50 Pagesbooks of the Protestant canon to the 81 books of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church Biblel. The Hebrew and Christian Bibles are also important to other Abrahamic religions, Including Islam and the Baha Faith, but those religions do not regard them as central religious texts. The Jewish Bible, or Tanakh, is divided into three parts: (1) the five books of the Torah (teaching or law), comprising the origins of the Israelite nation, its laws and its covenant with the God of Israel; (2) the Nevim (prophets)Read MorePolitical Instability and Its Effects on Pakistans Economy7176 Words   |  29 Pagesto be attended to on an urgent basis. The Master Plan for Karachi had, in its early years, given top priority to resettlement of refugees who were otherwise occupying buildings of important institutions, schools, parks and footpaths all over the central district of the city. It was, however, soon realized that establishment  of the industrial sectors in the industrial estates was accompanied by an unforeseen intensive land use change. The development processes proceeded in accord with the Master PlanRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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The Tragedy Of Antigone By William Shakespeare - 1001 Words

In life, we tend to see things in a black and white manner; good vs. bad. However, there is often a gray area that goes unexplored. Antigone manages to venture into this gray area through a complicated conflict of values. Kreon, the ruler of Thebes, has declared the leader of a rebellion against the state must not be buried. This conflicts with the leaders’ sister, Antigone, as she feels compelled to bury him. This conflict of values was expressed by German philosopher Hegel when he said â€Å"At the center of Antigone we find not a tragic hero but a tragic collision. However, the conflict is not between good and evil but between one-sided positions each of which embodies some good.† The result of this gray area is the creation of two separate themes, government vs. family, and man vs. the gods. Antigone represents both family and the gods due to her fierce loyalty to each, while Kreon represents government and man. Neither side is necessarily wrong, but it is the stubb ornness and pride within them that leads to tragedy. On the surface, Kreon is a villain. He is unbending and kills a woman whose crime was loving her brother. However, further analysis reveals it is not so simple. Kreon is not inherently evil; it is instead his character flaws that create the perception he is a villain. Throughout the play he stresses practical judgment, unbeknownst to the irony within his own words. Kreon believes by sentencing Antigone to death he is asserting himself, and that it is importantShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Antigone By William Shakespeare2023 Words   |  9 Pages The story of Antigone begins with Polyneices and Eteocles, two brothers with two distinct ideologies which resulted in a civil war, both in opposite sides. 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These works varied between different time periods and writer style. Each book, had multiple themes to them, some had a little in common. The books, â€Å"King Lear† by William Shakespeare, â€Å"Oedipus The King† and â€Å"Antigone† both by Sophocles, have many themes throughout the books. While some themes are more prominent than oth ers, it’s not difficult to find the other themes that linger within the texts. In â€Å"King Lear† the king, wants to divide

Persuasion Essay Free Essays

Jane Austin explores the character Anne Elliot, a 27- year-old unappreciated and self-sacrificing woman dealing with the emotional consequences of a returned love that she had been persuaded to reject in marriage seven years earlier. Austin exposes Anne as a timid and self-sacrificing character, her emotions and thoughts internalized and her presence dismissed by those around her. As the heroine of the novel Student’s values are conveyed through Anne, displaying her distaste to aristocracy and preference to meritocracy, the challenge of enders and the convenience and social rules In acceptance to marriage, the rejection of these conventions displayed through Student’s use of Irony and satire throughout the novel. We will write a custom essay sample on Persuasion Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The film ‘Persuasion’ by Adrian Sherwood (2007) however sees a storyline that falls to grasp these concepts displaying a storyline that Is exaggerated and dramatic, focusing almost solely on the love story, often resulting In a film adaptation of Anne Elliot who wanders slantingly from the novels original character who displays little to no character development. The Anne of the novel Is often isolated, particularly in regard to her emotional state, contrasting greatly to Shareholders film adaptation where Anne is seen to be sharing her upset and feeling more openly. In the novel, Wentworth return is not accompanied by a debrief with Lady Russell where Anne expresses her distress and panic, rather, Austin displays her emotion through isolation and lack of communication with others, conveyed to the reader through narration rather than dialogue. Anne is adapted to a film audience to clearly display her state of mind and current emotion as to ensure that ere reactions to certain situations are obvious, for example, the various scenes where Anne looks directly into the camera, connecting directly with the audience to show the devastation she is experiencing, pushing the emotion to solidify the facts of her distress that may have been previously missed. This results in an Anne that is much more dramatic and has heightened emotion in great comparison to the submissive and overly polite nature of Anne in the novel, who shies away from expressing herself to such an extent that when Anne can’t contain her emotion from Wentworth letter ND is seen to impact on her appearance, she is only thought to be sick. Sherwood abandons the social conventions of the 19th century setting to produce a film that is unrealistic and untrue to the situations Anne experiences In the novel. Jane Student’s Anne Elliot undergoes character development throughout the novel and experiences transformation, symbolizes by her change In appearance toward the end of the novel as she begins to ‘bloom’ once again, her nature becoming more assertive and confident. Student’s end result In Anne Is one that Is not seen wealth the film as there Is no growth or development Incorporated, her appearance only seen hanged as she arrives at Excellency with Captain Wentworth, her hair styled differently and her dress a brighter color, suggesting that she Is happier and changed only as a result of Wentworth love, supporting the sole focus of the film to be the romantic plotting. Persuasion Essay By manhole’s genders and the convenience and social rules in acceptance to marriage, the rejection of these conventions displayed through Student’s use of irony and satire storyline that fails to grasp these concepts displaying a storyline that is exaggerated and dramatic, focusing almost solely on the love story, often resulting in a film adaptation of Anne Elliot who wanders significantly from the novel’s original character who displays little to no character development. The Anne of the novel is film that is unrealistic and untrue to the situations Anne experiences in the novel. And experiences transformation, symbolizes by her change in appearance toward assertive and confident. Student’s end result in Anne is one that is not seen within the film as there is no growth or development incorporated, her appearance only seen differently and her dress a brighter color, suggesting that she is happier and How to cite Persuasion Essay, Persuasive essays

Light Effects Measurement On Sedimentary Essays - Water, Chemistry

Light Effects Measurement On Sedimentary Particles In Water The purpose of this study plan is to measure the effects of light on sedimentary particles in water. This study plan will include information pertaining to equipment, procedures, and analysis. This plan will also discuss problems that could arise during the sampling. Objectives The objective of this study is to observe whether sedimentary accumulation at various depths will effect the penetration of light energy. One reason for monitoring light penetration is to determine if sufficient energy is available for photosynthesis. This energy is effected by the amount of sedimentation that is suspended in the water. In order to ensure the data's scientific validity this study needs to include the main principles. These include selecting a control; a control will be the measurement that all other data is compared to. Second, the selection of the sample sites must be non-bias and random. This ensures that the experiments are not predictable or foreseeable. Finally the experiments must be described in great detail so that they can be replicated at a later date. Literature Energy is distributed throughout the world's oceans in several usable forms. The heat transmitted during absorption is responsible for ocean waves, temperature and currents. Light penetration in water will measure in units of quanta. This measurement refers to the amount of sunlight that penetrates the water at various depths. The light energy is absorbed and scattered by suspended particles, dissolved substances, and the water itself (USGS). Other factors include attenuation coefficient: rate at which light decreases with depth. This means that each site studied may have a different attenuation coefficient. An example of a high coefficient would indicate a rapid decrease in light penetration, therefore, high sedimentation. Another factor to be aware of is the color of the water. Color can effect the light penetration and intensity. Also the turbidity which is a measure of water clarity and how much material is suspended in the water. Suspended material could include soil particles, algae, plankton, microbes, and other substances (EPA). The sources of the turbidity could include erosion, waste, runoff, and bottom feeders (EPA). Equipment The instruments used to make photosynthetic measurements is called a Li-Cor Quantum/Radiometer/Photometer model #189. The sensory device is connected by a long cord and is used to measure at depth. It's called an underwater PAR sensor; Li-Cor #1925. This sensing device or photocell can also be used to measure surface PAR. Other devices to be used during the data sampling include lowering frame Li-Cor #20095, various weights and cables. The cables and weights will used to hold the sensors in the water column at the proper depths. Another instrument could be used to calculate the amount of PAR that is received at the surface. This instrument is called a pryanometer. It is not a requirement to use two different instruments for surface PAR, but just a suggestion that might give more scientific validity to the data being collected. Procedure While conducting this experiment it is necessary to have at least two people present to take the measurements. One person will lower the sensor in the selected site locations. The other person will record the PAR measurements from the display and calculate range values. The measurements will be taken within a four-hour period, two hours on either side of the solar noon. Solar noon is half way between sunrise and sunset; not 12:00 noon. Solar noon is at 1:15 PM, Central Daylight Time. This is the time when light energy is at the maximum. Samples are taken between 11:15 AM and 3:15 PM and are taken every 30 minutes; and data recorded at 10 second intervals. Before the samples can be taken it is imperative that the Quantum Radiometer be clean and free of debris and calibrated. This calibration will correct errors that may occur. Also the collection of the control data must be present. This control must be free of errors and represent the selected site. Another measurement must be made of the surface PAR. This data will help determine the amount of light energy present at the surface. Next the determination of water columns is important. These sites must be chosen randomly and cover the entire site. Later others can concentrate studies in points of interest. These measurements are taken using the underwater sensor attached to the lowering frame. Each water column will be measured at every 10 cm. These recordings will continue until the photometer can no longer detect light energy. The underwater sensor must be perpendicular to the bottom surface so that light intensity will be scattered

Child Labor in the Global Economy essays

Child Labor in the Global Economy essays Child labor has been an issue of concern for decades. In recent years child labor has been brought to the forefront of media attention by activist groups who have exposed numerous large corporations, such as Reebok, WalMart, and major clothing manufacturers who outsource work to sweatshops around the world. Child labor has become a topic for international organizations concerned with its impact on globalization. Throughout history and within all cultures, children have worked along side their parents in the agricultural field, the marketplace, and around the home as soon as they were old enough to perform simple tasks (Child pp). It was not until the introduction of the factory system that the use of child labor was regarded as a social problem (Child pp). In Britain, during the late 18th century, cotton mill owners collected orphans and children of poor parents throughout the country to obtain their services merely for the cost of maintaining them (Child pp). In many cases, the children were as young as five years old are were forced to work thirteen to sixteen hours a day (Child pp). As early as 1802, social reformers attempted to obtain legislative restrictions against the worst features of the child-labor system, however, little was ever done even to enforce the existing laws limiting work hours and establishing a minimum age for employment (Child pp). Soon, non-pauper children were employed, often with the approval of political, social, and religious leaders, to work in hazardous occupations such as mining, resulting in social problems such as illiteracy, and a multitude of diseased and crippled children, thus, poor families were further impoverished (Child pp). The call for reform steadily increased through the years, and in 1878 the first significant British legislation was enacted, raising the minimum age to 10 years old and restricting employment of ...

Angle Between Two Vectors and Vector Scalar Product

Angle Between Two Vectors and Vector Scalar Product This is a worked example problem that shows how to find the angle between two vectors. The angle between vectors is used when finding the scalar product and vector product. The scalar product is also called the dot product or the inner product. Its found by finding the component of one vector in the same direction as the other and then multiplying it by the magnitude of the other vector. Vector Problem Find the angle between the two vectors: A 2i 3j 4kB i - 2j 3k Solution Write the components of each vector. Ax 2; Bx 1Ay 3; By -2Az 4; Bz 3 The scalar product of two vectors is given by: A Â · B A B cos ÃŽ ¸ |A||B| cos ÃŽ ¸ or by: A Â · B AxBx AyBy AzBz When you set the two equations equal and rearrange the terms you find: cos ÃŽ ¸ (AxBx AyBy AzBz) / AB For this problem: AxBx AyBy AzBz (2)(1) (3)(-2) (4)(3) 8 A (22 32 42)1/2 (29)1/2 B (12 (-2)2 32)1/2 (14)1/2 cos ÃŽ ¸ 8 / [(29)1/2 * (14)1/2] 0.397 ÃŽ ¸ 66.6Â °

Computer Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Computer Security - Essay Example Keeping in mind the situation described above publication of a patch and providing technical information about vulnerability during disclosure can enable user’s to take protective and preventive action. CERT, a federally funded quasi government organization, is a key player in the domain of vulnerability disclosure and prioritizes in the publication of preventive measures, such as a patch, in their disclosures. There are certain issues that revolve around the disclosing of vulnerability information. These are regarding the timing of the release of patches which is made critical once vulnerability is disclosed. However the development of these patches takes time. This component clashes with that of instant disclosure, which leaves users defenseless against attackers who can exploit the disclosed vulnerability in the time that it takes for a patch to be released. These are the two critical dimensions that an optimal disclosure policy addresses. For the development of an optimal patch notification policy it is important to estimate the attacker’s and vendor’s behavior. If the vendors do not act quickly to instant disclosure then the formulation of a policy which incorporates this behavior will be strongly discouraged socially unfavorable. But even if vendors develop a patch quickly there lays a need to know how the attacker’s probability of attack changes with the disclosure, and with the patching. Other critical elements that the policy incorporates are a thorough investigation of vulnerabilities that are more likely to be exploited by attackers and hence require immediate attention. These are the ones that the vendor’s need to concentrate on developing patches for. Keeping in mind all these area’s of concern we develop a optimal patch notification policy that balances the issue’s mentioned above. Simply because a vendor releases a patch more quickly due to an early disclosure does not necessarily make this action optimal. Using a game theoretic model Arora, Telang and Xu (2003) show that neither instantaneous disclosure nor secrecy policy is optimal. An optimal patch publication policy depends upon underlying factors like how quickly a vendor’s response is in releasing patches, and how likely attackers are to find and exploit unpatched vulnerabilities. Q2: Here we consider the incentives of the attackers as well as the parties listed previously. What are the incentives of attackers? When we look at the internet we see how it has developed into a global system of interlinked computer networks which have made possible the exchange of information between millions of organizations. It has made possible new forms of social interactions as well as means to probe them. The internet is a unique tool for studying the development and the organization of a complex system. This is why numerous attackers are attracted towards the use of methods to hack into and manipulate various online systems. T here are many classifications of hackers based on the incentives behind their attacks. There are the early gentle hackers, who break into systems to demonstrate their skills. Then there are the ‘black hats’, which might have been gentle hackers at some point but then are motivated to make money as part of an explosively booming business based on ever-present internet insecurity. Moving

Analysis of Literary Criticism about Oranges of Gary Soto Research Paper

Analysis of Literary Criticism about Oranges of Gary Soto - Research Paper Example In his narrative, the poet actually steps in adolescence when he buys something for her girl by taking a chance. He offers an orange and a nickel to the saleslady for the bar of chocolate that the girl chooses. This is a critical point in the life of the boy and the climax in the poem because it creates uncertainty whether the saleslady will accept it or not. Once his offer is accepted, the boy comes out of the superstore triumphantly and enjoys his time with the girl. Although his courage is impressive, the risk was also a safe and intelligent bet: If the saleslady had refused to honor his orange for payment, he would still have the two oranges to share with the girl on their way home. Either way, he proves himself and impresses the girl which was the goal in the first place, and he is rewarded for his bravery by being allowed to hold her hand on the walk home. (White, 123) The poem is divided into two parts- before and after going in the superstore. The tone of the poem and the att itude of the boy have drastically changed. The tension or coldness between them is replaced by warmth and the scenery transforms dramatically. â€Å"Someone might have thought/ I was making a fire in my hands.† (55-56) the poet’s wish has been granted and suddenly the dullness of December as signified by fog and old coats is brightened up with the oranges. The color of orange stands out sharply in contrast to gray December; in fact it even looks like fire. Fire is the antithesis of frost, which was mentioned in the first part of the poem. Frost and crackling ice represent the absence of emotions or passions; but by the end of the poem, the boy earned warmth which is represented by the color of the oranges. In the first part of the poem, when the boy is entering the superstore, he notices a â€Å"used car lot† (18) which represents emptiness and stillness. The emotional state of the boy is empty and still. This condition is transformed in the second part of the p oem where â€Å"A few cars hissing past† (43) denote the movement or transition in the stage of life of the boy. He moves on in life without looking back at it with awkwardness, as he â€Å"finds a new sense of confidence and independence.†(White, 121) The poetic language used in the poem is simple and based on a trivial, everyday experience of a young boy. The language is also kept simple because it is stored in the memory of a person, when he was young- merely 12 years old. His memories are captured in a rather simple manner that makes it easy for the readers to compare or relate their experiences with his. Imagery and symbolism are used extensively by Soto to describe the entire scenery and situation. The boy recalls his vivid memories of walking for the first time with a girl. This shows how important it is for anyone at this age to feel love for the first time. The poet is aware of the external scenes and captures them in his memory- he is aware of all the sights and sounds of the gray December and slowly he starts noticing the various colors that light up his mood and his surroundings. The yellow light in the porch, the color of rouge on the cheeks of the girl, newly planted trees are some of the things that visually describe the scenery. Apart from this, sound imagery also brings to life the entire scene to the readers, as they read the phrases: Frost cracking; a dog barked; the tiny bell; and a few

Dyslexia :: essays research papers

Dyslexia For Children Jimmy’s Story: Jimmy was a 10 year old boy who had done well in school through the third grade. Once he got the fourth grade he was having trouble following the readings as fast as the other children could. He was mixing up words and confusing letters. He was very upset so he told his mom and she decided to check out what was happening. She took Jimmy to the doctor and the doctor had Jimmy take some tests and the doctor discovered that Jimmy had dyslexia. This didn’t mean that Jimmy was stupid, it just meant that he had trouble reading certain words. Jimmy would have to see a special teacher to fix his problem. Facts about dyslexia: 1.Children who are dyslexic are not stupid 2. Dyslexic is a word used to describe children who have trouble putting words together or spelling 3. Although many people may think so, dyslexic people do not see things backwards. 4. Many dyslexic children seem to have good creative skills like drawing, painting or playing a musical instrument. 5. Dyslexia can have more of an affect on one person than it does another or it may have less of an affect on one person or the other. 6. Experts think that 10% of all children have some degree of dyslexia and only 4% have a really bad case of dyslexia. This means that if you have dyslexia, you are not the only one. There are many other children who work with dyslexia everyday. 7. No two dyslexic children are alike. Children who have dyslexia are just like everyone else except they have to work through their reading and writing a little harder. 8. Many famous people have worked through dyslexia for example: Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb; Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of Great Britain and Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States of America.(1) Causes of dyslexia: There is no real answer for the cause of dyslexia. Dyslexia is not contagious so you can’t get it from someone else, it is not in something that you eat and it is not a cough or the flu so it won’t hurt you if you have it. Doctors think that dyslexia runs in families, so it might get passed down from your mom or dad when you are born.(1) Solving dyslexia: The best known solution to dyslexia is working with a special teacher and working hard. There are some medicines that are available (ritalin and adirol) that will help you concentrate better but the way to getting past dyslexia is all in the hard work.

Milo 3 in 1 Substitute and Market Structure

Milo 3 in 1 is a normal product. It is a convenience product to the consumer which comes with low price and easy to consume. The product comes with high quality and safe to consume. Complements for Milo 3in1 are Milo sejuk(ice), Milo Powder and Milo Ready to Drink. Milo sejuk (ice) is an instant ice Milo which just adds cold water to the powder. The powder of Milo sejuk soluble easier with the cold water even without hot water which normally used for melting powder or make them become more soluble.Milo Powder is an ordinary Milo powder with no extraordinary add-ons or plain Milo. Consumer needs to add sugar, condensed milk or creamer themselves with the powder. Normally, Milo powder is packaged in large Milo tin. Milo Ready to Drink is Milo in cans and small package. Consumer buys and consumes straightforward because the Milo inside it is ready to be drink. Substitutes for Milo 3 in 1 are Horlicks, Ovaltine, Vi-Co, Nescafe. Horlicks and Ovaltine is a malted milk hot drink. It is made from malted barley and wheat flour.It comes with different taste and smell compared with Milo which is made from chocolate. It served as a beverage same with Milo and fortified with vitamins and minerals. Vi-Co is commonly known as the straight competitor to Milo. It serves the same hot chocolate milk as Milo. Nescafe serves different kinds of coffee. They start with coffee powder like Nescafe Classic, Gold and 3in1. They also serve a variety of coffee in cans like latte, mocha and cappuccino. Moreover, they have localized product like Nescafe Ipoh White Coffee.Milo 3in1 belongs to monopolistic competition market. It comes as one of the product differentiation by Milo. There are other products such as Milo sejuk, Milo powder and Milo Ready to Drink. It has many sellers in Malaysia and buyers who prefer Milo 3in1 compare to other complements and substitutes. It is the price makers for the same kind of product in the market since the it sells the most compared to others. It also spen t a lot of money on advertisements such as Milo – Fields of Barley TVC and Milo TV: Malaysia Boleh.

7 Fascinating Facts About Fungi

What do you think of when you think of fungi? Do you think of the mold growing in your shower or mushrooms? Both are types of fungi as fungi can range from unicellular (yeasts and molds) to multicellular organisms (mushrooms) that contain spore-producing fruit bodies for reproduction. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that are classified in their own Kingdom, called Fungi. The cell walls of fungi contain chitin, a polymer that is similar in structure to glucose from which it is derived. Unlike plants, fungi dont have chlorophyll so are not able to make their own food. Fungi typically acquire their nutrients/food by absorption. They release digestive enzymes into the environment that assist in this process. Fungi are very diverse and have even contributed to improvements in medicine. Lets explore seven interesting facts about fungi. 1) Fungi Can Cure Disease Many may be familiar with the antibiotic known as penicillin. Did you know that it was produced from a mold that is a fungus? Around 1929, a doctor in London, England wrote a paper on what he called penicillin which he had derived from the Penicillium notatum mold (now known as Penicillium chrysogenum). It had the ability to kill bacteria. His discovery and research started a chain of events that would lead to the development of many antibiotics that would save countless lives. Similarly, the antibiotic cyclosporine is a key immunosuppressant and is used in organ transplants. 2) Fungi Can Also Cause Disease Many diseases can also be caused by fungi. For example, while many associate ringworm with being caused by a worm, it is caused by a fungus. It gets its name from the circular shape of the rash produced. Athletes foot is another example of a disease caused by fungi. Many other diseases such as eye infections, valley fever, and Histoplasmosis are caused by Fungi. 3) Fungi Are Vital to the Environment Fungi play a key role in the cycle of nutrients in the environment. They are one of the main decomposers of dead organic matter. Without them, the leaves, dead trees, and other organic matter that build up in the forests wouldnt have their nutrients available for other plants to use. For example, nitrogen is a key component that is released when fungi decompose organic matter. 4) Fungi Can Last for a Long Time Depending on the conditions, many fungi, like mushrooms, can be dormant for extended periods of time. Some can sit dormant for years and even decades and still have the ability to grow under the right conditions. 5) Fungi Can Be Deadly Some fungi are toxic. Some are so toxic that they can cause instant death in animals and humans. Deadly fungi often contain a substance known as amatoxins. Amatoxins typically are very good at inhibiting RNA polymerase II. RNA polymerase II is a necessary enzyme involved in the production of a type of RNA called messenger RNA (mRNA). Messenger RNA plays an important role in DNA transcription and protein synthesis. Without RNA polymerase II, cell metabolism will stop and cell lysis occurs. 6) Fungi Can Be Used to Control Pests Some species of fungi are able to suppress the growth of insects and nematodes that may cause harm to agricultural crops. Typically the fungi that can have such impacts are part of the group called hyphomycetes. 7) A Fungus Is the Largest Living Organism on the Planet A fungus known as the honey mushroom is the largest living organism on the planet. It is believed to be about 2400 years old and covers over 2000 acres. Interestingly enough, it kills trees as it spreads. There you have it, seven interesting facts about fungi. There are many additional interesting facts about fungi that range from fungi being used to produce the citric acid used in many beverages to fungi being the cause for zombie ants. Some fungi are bioluminescent and can even glow in the dark. While scientists have classified many of the fungi in nature, it is estimated that there are vast numbers that remain unclassified so their potential uses are likely numerous.

Prince s Influence On Society - 1293 Words

. During the 1980s, the way Americans perceived homosexuality, race, and violence was challenged. In response, Prince’s eccentric and extravagant music style and attire dismantled conventional gender barriers of what it meant to be masculine and feminine in American society. Therefore, his musical creations set an example by pushing the limits of authenticity and self-expression. Prince’s fearless dedication to breaking down conventional expectations of style, music, gender norms, and conformity can be seen in his vocals, instrument choice, and lyrics. In the late 1980s, Prince was a music icon who blended funk, soul, pop, and hip-hop and presented his work in an androgyny atmosphere to advocate for racial and gender equality. His musical creations and appearance had disrupted the societal confines that fenced in the minority groups and pushed the limits of what it meant to be a black man. Prince’s distinct attire, extravagant performances, and persona helped con tribute to a new music era of funk-rock and challenged the taboo concepts of the 1980’s. Prince’s musical work impacted society by encouraging wildly free and creative behavior during a time where it was not acceptable to be who you were. In this paper, I will analyze the auditory significance of two of Prince’s songs: â€Å"If I was your girlfriend† (1987) and â€Å"I Would Die 4 U† (1984). Analysis for both songs were based on music videos and a scene from Prince’s film, Purple Rain. In addition to these songs, Prince’sShow MoreRelatedGender Roles Of Men And Women1362 Words   |  6 PagesFairy Tales Fairy tales have been around for generations. They are a way to express the idealistic realities of society. In most fairy tales, the roles of men and women reflect the way men and women are portrayed in reality. 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Many reforms started to take place which included slavery and woman s rights. This age brought about American literature which was free from European influence and ties. The writers during the Romantic Age wrote mainly about the person, they included clear and concise descriptions of people and nature. Many writers like Poe wrote about supernatural events like the devil, evil,Read MoreFairy Tales By The Brothers Grimm1381 Words   |  6 Pagesa young girl with magically long hair who is isolated away from the world in a tall tower after an evil fairy takes her away from her parents shortly after she is born. Rapunzel experiences love for the first time when she is found by a charming prince but struggles to keep their nightly affairs a secret from the wicked fairy that controls her, Frau Gothel. 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A long list of unisex names from which to choose. Sifting through my baby book, it is easy to see tell that my parents had no clue what gender their new baby would be. That is, until I came into the world in a flurry of activity and someone—probably the doctor—announced â€Å"It s a girl!† My grandmotherRead MoreThe Reformation And Its Impact On The Early Modern Period1622 Words   |  7 Pagesreligious and political wars. Before the beginnings of the reformation political discourse was dominated by different catholic influences at the hands of philosophers and writers such as Sir Thomas More. More s use of political discourse came in the form of Utopia, a piece of writing that was highly critical of the King of England and the country itself due to More s personal experience as a counsellor1. Although Utopia was published before the Reformation, it is clear that More had an idea on

Struggling With Mental Health Disorders - 1462 Words

Robin Williams: Struggling with Mental Health Disorders Mental health disorders are becoming more and more prevalent in the United States today, especially since the world consists of more prestigious medical professionals that can diagnose individuals. What does a mental health disorder entail and how can one be effectively diagnosed? Many people do not realize they are suffering from a mental illness, which can sometimes be extremely detrimental to a person’s health and can eventually lead to death if not treated. Extensive research has provided the world with more knowledge on the causes, symptoms, and treatments of several mental health disorders with the help of the DSM-5. Any individual can be diagnosed with a mental health disorder, even those â€Å"perfect† celebrities people idolize. Robin Williams, a well-known actor and comedian, took his own life in August 2014 from the detrimental effects of bipolar disorder and depression. Robin Williams was a prestigious actor and comedian who recently took his own life on August 11, 2014. Many people probably did not expect this occurrence from his upbeat and hilarious personality he portrayed to his followers. According to The National Alliance on Mental Health, approximately 2.6 percent of American adults live with bipolar disorder, about 6.1 million people (Communities Digital News). Several people who suffer from bipolar disorder and depression tend to hide it from their loved ones. Bipolar disorder may have stimulated hisShow MoreRelatedStigma Surrounding Mental Health Disorders1059 Words   |  5 PagesThe Stigma Surrounding Mental Health Disorders Mental health disorders affect just about every single person in the world. These disorders come in many forms and severities. A couple of these disorders are depression, anxiety, eating disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and many more. In the United States alone 43.8 million, 1 in 5, adults suffer from a form of a mental health disorder. About 21.4%, or 1 in 5 juveniles ages 13-18, suffer from mental health disorders. Of people in our countryRead MoreHigh School Should Be The Time Of Your Life1168 Words   |  5 Pageshas said â€Å"Estimates are that 25% of the 150 million child visits per year for primary health care (non-mental-health and other specialties) have a psychological problem associated with the presenting problem† (pg.604). These numbers are shocking for some. This percentage may be even higher. With mental illness, numbers and data is altered because of the stigma that comes along with talking about mental disorders. Imagine having a stomach ache and n ot wanting to tell your parents you’re not feelingRead MoreEating Disorders : A Young Woman Sits At The Table872 Words   |  4 Pagesbehaviors have escalated into widespread suffering of eating disorders. 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World Wide Web and E-commerce Winter Free Essays

string(1959) " Issues Channel conflict Occurs whenever sales activities on a company’s Web site interfere with existing sales outlets Also called cannibalization Channel cooperation Giving customers access to the company’s products through a coordinated presence in all distribution channels An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 23 Strategic Alliances and Channel Distribution Management Strategic alliance When two or more companies join forces to undertake an activity over a long period of time Account aggregation services Increase the propensity of customers to return to the site Channel distribution managers Companies that take over the responsibility for a particular product line within a retail store An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 24 12 Creating an Effective Web Presence An organization’s presence The public image it conveys to its stakeholders Stakeholders of a firm Include its customers, suppliers, employees, stockholders, neighbors, and the general public An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 25 Achieving Web Presence Goals Objectives of the business Attracting visitors to the Web site Making the site interesting enough that visitors tay and explore Convincing visitors to follow the site’s links to obtain information An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 26 13 Achieving Web Presence Goals \(continued\) Objectives of the business Creating an impression consistent with the organization’s desired image Building a trusting relationship with visitors Reinforcing p ositive images that the visitor might already have about the organization Encouraging visitors to return to the site An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 27 Profit-Driven Organizations Toyota site A good example of an effective Web presence Provides links to Detailed information about each vehicle model A dealer locator page Information about the company and the financing services it offers An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 28 14 Toyota U\." Introduction to E-Commerce Revenue Models Objectives In this chapter, you will learn about: Revenue models How some companies move from one revenue model to another to achieve success Revenue strategy issues that companies face when selling on the Web An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 2 1 Objectives (continued) Creating an effective business presence on the Web Web site usability Communicating effectively with customers on the Web An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 3 Revenue Models Mail order or catalog model Proven to be successful for a wide variety of consumer items Web catalog revenue model Taking the catalog model to the Web An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 4 2 Computers and Consumer Electronics Apple, Dell, Gateway, and Sun Microsystems have had great success selling on the Web Dell created value by designing its entire business around offering a high degree of configuration flexibility to its customers An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 5 Books, Music, and Videos Retailers use the Web catalog model to sell books, music, and videos Among the most visible examples of electronic commerce Jeff Bezos Formed Amazon. com Jason and Matthew Olim Formed an online music store they called CDnow Used the Web catalog revenue model An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 6 3 Luxury Goods People are still reluctant to buy luxury goods through a Web site Web sites of Vera Wang and Versace Constructed to provide information to shoppers, not to generate revenue Web site of Evian Designed for a select, affluent group of customers An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 7 Clothing Retailers Lands’ End Pioneered the idea of online Web shopping assistance with its Lands’ End Live feature in 1999 Personal shopper Intelligent agent program that learns customer’s preferences and makes suggestions Virtual model Graphic image built from customer measurements An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 8 4 Flowers and Gifts 1-800-Flowers Created an online extension to its telephone order business Chocolatier Godiva Offers business gift plans on its site An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 9 Digital Content Revenue Models Firms that own intellectual property have embraced the Web as a new and highly efficient distribution mechanism Lexis. com Provides full-text search of court cases, laws, patent databases, and tax regulations ProQuest Sells digital copies of published documents An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 10 5 Advertising-Supported Revenue Models Broadcasters provide free programming to an udience along with advertising messages Success of Web advertising is hampered by No consensus on how to measure and charge for site visitor views Stickiness of a Web site: the ability to keep visitors and attract repeat visitors Very few Web sites have sufficient visitors to interest large advertisers An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 11 Web Portals Web direct ory A listing of hyperlinks to Web pages Portal or Web portal Site used as a launching point to enter the Web Almost always includes a Web directory and search engine Examples: Yahoo! , AOL, AltaVista An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 12 6 Advertising-Subscription Mixed Revenue Models Subscribers Pay a fee and accept some level of advertising Typically are subjected to much less advertising Used by The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 13 Advertising-Subscription Mixed Revenue Models (continued) Business Week Offers some free content at its Business Week online site Requires visitors to buy a subscription to the Business Week print magazine An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 14 7 Fee-for-Transaction Revenue Models Businesses offer services and charge a fee based on the number or size of transactions processed Disintermediation Removal of an intermediary from a value chain Reintermediation Introduction of a new intermediary An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 15 Fee-for-Service Revenue Models Fee based on the value of a service provided Services range from games and entertainment to financial advice Online games Growing number of sites include premium games in their offerings Site visitors must pay to play these premium games An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 16 8 Fee-for-Service Revenue Models (continued) Concerts and films As more households obtain broadband access to the Internet, companies are providing streaming video of concerts and films to paying ubscribers Professional Services State laws are one of the main forces preventing U. We will write a custom essay sample on World Wide Web and E-commerce Winter or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. professionals from extending their practices to the Web An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 17 Revenue Models in Transition Subscription to advertising-supported model Microsoft founded its Slate magazine Web site An upscale news and current events publication Charged an annual subscription fee after a limited free introductory period Was unable to draw sufficient number of paid subscribers Now operated as an advertising-supported site An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 18 9 Advertising-Supported to AdvertisingSubscription Mixed Model Salon. om Operated for several years as an advertisingsupported site Now offers an optional subscription version of its site Subscription offering was motivated by the company’s inability to raise additional money from investors An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 19 Advertising-Supported to Feefor-Services Model Xdrive Technologies Opened its original advertising-supported Web site in 1999 Offered free disk storage space onli ne to users After two years, it was unable to pay the costs of providing the service with the advertising revenue generated Later switched to a subscription-supported model An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 20 10 Advertising-Supported to Subscription Model Northern Light Founded in August 1997 as a search engine with a twist Revenue model Combination of advertising-supported model plus a fee-based information access service January 2002 Converted to a new revenue model that was primarily subscription supported An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 21 Multiple Transitions Encyclop? dia Britannica Original offerings The Britannica Internet Guide Free Web navigation aid Encyclop? dia Britannica Online Available for a subscription fee or as part of a CD package 1999 Converted to a free, advertiser-supported site 001 Returned to a mixed model An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 22 11 Revenue Strategy Issues Channel conflict Occurs whenever sales activities on a company’s Web site interfere with existing sales outlets Also called cannibalization Channel cooperation Giving customers access to the company’s products through a coordinated presence in all distribu tion channels An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 23 Strategic Alliances and Channel Distribution Management Strategic alliance When two or more companies join forces to undertake an activity over a long period of time Account aggregation services Increase the propensity of customers to return to the site Channel distribution managers Companies that take over the responsibility for a particular product line within a retail store An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 24 12 Creating an Effective Web Presence An organization’s presence The public image it conveys to its stakeholders Stakeholders of a firm Include its customers, suppliers, employees, stockholders, neighbors, and the general public An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 25 Achieving Web Presence Goals Objectives of the business Attracting visitors to the Web site Making the site interesting enough that visitors tay and explore Convincing visitors to follow the site’s links to obtain information An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 26 13 Achieving Web Presence Goals (continued) Objectives of the business Creating an impression consistent with the organization’s desired image Building a trusting relationship with visitors Reinforcing pos itive images that the visitor might already have about the organization Encouraging visitors to return to the site An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 27 Profit-Driven Organizations Toyota site A good example of an effective Web presence Provides links to Detailed information about each vehicle model A dealer locator page Information about the company and the financing services it offers An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 28 14 Toyota U. S. Home page An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 29 Profit-Driven Organizations (continued) Quaker Oats Web site does not offer a particularly strong sense of corporate presence Site is a straightforward presentation of links to information about the firm Redesigned site is essentially the same as the previous version An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 30 15 Quaker Oats Old Home Page An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 31 Quaker Oats Home Page: 1999 Redesign An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 32 16 Not-for-Profit Organizations Key goal for the Web sites Information dissemination Key element on any successful electronic commerce Web site Combination of information dissemination and a two-way contact channel An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 33 Web Site Usability Motivations of Web site visitors Learning about products or services that the company offers Buying products or services that the company offers Obtaining information about warranty, service, or repair policies for products they purchased Obtaining general information about the company or organization An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 34 17 Web Site Usability (continued) Motivations of Web site visitors Obtaining financial information for making an investment or credit granting decision Identifying the people who manage the company or organization Obtaining contact information for a person or department in the organization An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 35 Making Web Sites Accessible One of the best ways to accommodate a broad range of visitor needs is to build flexibility into the Web site’s interface Good site design lets visitors choose among information attributes Web sites can offer visitors multiple nformation formats by including links to files in those formats An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 36 18 Making Web Sites Accessible (continued) Goals that should be met when constructing Web sites Offer easily accessible facts about the organization Allow visitors to experience the site in different ways and at different levels Sustain visitor atten tion and encourage return visits Offer easily accessible information An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 37 Trust and Loyalty A 5 percent increase in customer loyalty can yield profit increases between 25% and 80% Repetition of satisfactory service can build ustomer loyalty Customer service is a problem for many electronic commerce sites An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 38 19 Usability Testing Companies that have done usability tests Conduct focus groups Watch how different customers navigate through a series of Web site test designs Cost of usability testing is low compared to the total cost of a Web site design or overhaul to E-Commerce An Introduction Winter 85, 39 Customer-Centric Web Site Design Putting the customer at the center of all site designs Guidelines Design the site around how visitors will navigate the links Allow visitors to access information quickly Avoid using inflated marketing statements An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 40 20 Customer-Centric Web Site Design (continued) Guidelines Avoid using business jargon and terms that visitors might not understand Be consistent in use of design features and colors Make sure navigation controls are clearly labeled Test text visibility on smaller monitors Conduct usability tests An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 41 Connecting With Customers Personal contact model Firm’s employees individually search for, qualify, and contact potential customers Prospecting Personal contact approach to identifying and reaching customers Mass media approach Firms prepare advertising and promotional materials about the firm and its products An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 42 21 Connecting With Customers (continued) Addressable media Advertising efforts directed to a known addressee Also called mass media One-to-many communication model Communication flows from one advertiser to many potential buyers One-to-one communication model Both buyer and seller participate in information exchange An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 43 Business Communication Modes An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 44 22 Summary Models used to generate revenue on the Web Web catalog Digital content sales Advertising-supported Advertising-subscription mixed Fee-for-transaction and fee-for-service Companies undertaking electronic commerce initiatives sometimes Form strategic alliances Contract with channel distribution managers An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 45 Summary (continued) Firms must understand how the Web differs from other media Enlisting the help of users when building test versions of the Web site is a good way to create a site that represents the organization well Firms must also understand the nature of communication on the Web An Introduction to E-Commerce Winter 85, 46 23 How to cite World Wide Web and E-commerce Winter, Essay examples

Outsourcing of Manufacturing Unit-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Outsourcing of Manufacturing Unit. Answer: Introduction: In contemporary business world, with the advent of Globalization, the term outsourcing is becoming a common and significant one. Outsourcing, by a company or industry, in the broad sense of the term, means relocating or transferring a part or whole of their functional activities from the location of their initial operations to some convenient location (Primarily offshore) (Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes 2015). The multinational corporations mainly do this with their headquarters situated mostly in developed economies and the relocations are usually done in developing or semi-developed growing economies to take advantages of their low cost of production, less rigidity in labour policies and growing infrastructure as well as market. This report discussed about one such manufacturer, the Raque Food Systems and its potential prospects and problems in outsourcing its production activities (Oshri, Kotlarsky and Willcocks 2015). Raque Food Systems: Founded as early as in 1975, the Raque Food Systems is one of the pioneers in the industry of food packaging machineries and is currently a world class manufacturer of industrial food packaging machines and a primary supplier of the same, especially to the Frozen Food industries. With offices in the United States of America and in the United Kingdom, the Raque Food System now has thirty two manufacturing plants and they ship their products all over the world. The company has this unique ability of designing and customizing any of its products according to the need if its customers, which adds tremendously to their goodwill and reputation in the global market and is a vital reason behind the substantial demand of their products worldwide (Raque.com, 2017). Being stationed mostly in the USA and UK, one of the primary issues the company face is that of comparatively low profit margin as both the counties, being highly developed ones, have high manufacturing costs and strict minimum wage laws which hurt the interests of the company and its shareholders (Raque.com, 2017). On requests of the shareholders, to find out cost reducing alternatives, the company is considering outsourcing of its manufacturing sector to some other countries with lower production costs in general. Outsourcing, in this case can be a better option for the company, especially if it is done in some developing countries with expanding infrastructure, labour abundance and comparatively flexible labour and wage policies, which are beneficial for production activities of the company. The initial research by the company has come up with two potential candidates, Malaysia and Mexico, showing credentials and possibilities for outsourcing. The report tries to analyse the economies of both the candidate countries and pros and cons of outsourcing the production activities of the Raque Food Systems in these countries, depending upon their infrastructures, labour markets, amenities, policies, market prospects, political aspects and cultural diversities. Potential Candidates: Malaysia: With 13 states and 3 federal territories, the country is a constitutional monarchy, situated in the heart of South East Asia and is a beautiful example of multi-cultural society with diverse ethnicity. The Malays, Indians and Chinese form the major share of the Malaysian population and with Kuala Lampur as the capital city, Malaysia is currently emerging as one of the primary economic giants in the global scenario showing huge potentials and future prospects (Jomo 2016). Mexico: The country is the second largest economy in Latin America, making its place in the global market as a major oil exporter. With Spanish as the main language and Christianity as the primary religion, the country has a huge underutilizes labour base and a wide socio-economic gap among its population, which makes availability of cheap labour easy and brings the country in the list of potential candidates (Snchez and Luna 2014). General Information: Economic Overview: Malaysia, with a population of around 29 million, has a GDP of around 296 billion USD, an impressive per-capita GDP of nearly 9502 USD and a stable GDP growth rate of 4.8%. the economy remains a major global source of electronic products, net exporter of crude oil and one of the largest producers of tropical hardwood and rubber. With time, the country has been showing impressive figures in Foreign Direct Investments (Mundial 2013). Figure 1: FDI in Malaysia (Source: Theglobaleconomy.com, 2017) From the above chart, it can be seen that the FDI has considerably increased in the country post 2009 and the country experienced a massive upsurge in the FDI (12.3% approximately) in 2011, indicating that it is increasingly becoming one of the primary countries of interest for most of the MNCs which want to outsource their operations. In 2015, the country recorded a FDI of 10.96 billion USD (Ahmed 2012). The sectors, experiencing the major inflow of investments by the foreign MNCs are mainly manufacturing sector (50%) and service sector (27%). The economy has a unemployment rate of 3.3% and maintains a highly stable equilibrium with less economic fluctuations and consistent growth trends, thereby making the country a major centre of attraction for outsourcing (Jomo 2016). Mexico has population strength of 121.1 million, with the GDP of around 2.2 trillion USD and a GDP per capita of around 17,530 USD. The country experiences a 2.5% growth rate in GDP (Much lesser than that of Malaysia, indicating that Malaysia shows much bigger prospects in future expansion) (Ajagbe and Ismail 2014). Figure 2: FDI in Mexico (Source: Theglobaleconomy.com, 2017) The above figure shows the flow of FDI in Mexico, over the past few years and as it can be seen, FDI has considerably decreased post 2016. The main chunk of the FDI flow in the country is in the manufacturing sector like that of Malaysia. The primary reasons behind this fall in FDI are the increasing rates of crimes, drug trades (Which forms one of the primary negative issues of this economy) and lack of constructive reforms in the industrial sector of the economy, as well as the tax structure of the country (Robles, Caldern and Magaloni 2013). This shows that the country, though still popular among the investors, is fast losing out to its more competent counterparts due to lack of credibility. The unemployment rate in Mexico is currently 4.3%, which is much higher as compared to Malaysia (Snchez and Luna 2014). Economic Forecast: On September 2010, the Government of Malaysia introduced an Economic Transformation Programme or the ETP and the Government Transformation Programme or the GTP, with the vision of making the country one of the highest income nations by the year 2020 (Mundial 2013). The significant role of one of the primary component of this ETP is promoting the country as top investment attraction and outsourcing location for the foreign multi-national corporations and the growth in the private sector of the country has been impressively high since then (Ahmed, E.M., 2012). The launch of the Tun Razak Exchange in 2012 has also attributed to the prospects of the country as a major investment destination. There is a high possibility of negotiation of a Free trade agreement between Malaysia and the European Union (EU) and of partnership of the country at a Trans-Pacific level, both of which can improve the business environment of the country manifold and attract even more global investors as well as MN Cs in future (Khan, Liew and Ghazali 2014). However, the country does have several non-favourable issues which have the potential to hamper their economic and industrial growth. Firstly, the country, being one of the Asian Giants, faces stiff competition from the other Asian Economic Giants like China, Indonesia or Vietnam (Snchez and Luna 2014). China, though seeing a decline in growth of its economic and business possibilities in the current global scenario, still remains one of the largest manufacturers in the global market and enjoys a huge market for their products. Therefore, it draws a substantial amount of FDI, along with the growing economies like Indonesia and Vietnam, thereby, posing a tough competition to Malaysia in terms of attracting FDI (Forbes.com, 2017). Another threat faced by the country is the threat of terrorism and piracy, which the country often faces in its waterways and shipping tracks. This makes the investors a little sceptic, especially those who have to transfer or ship raw materials and finished products through this channel. However, in spite of these threats, Malaysia is garnering enormous attention of the foreign investors and the country is projected to experience economic boom in the years to come. From an enormous amount of 187 million USD in 2010, the outsourcing in the business process has increased to over 700 million USD in 2015 and is expected to increase further in the coming years (Ajagbe and Ismail 2014). Mexico, on the other hand, has experienced a boom in its economy right from the start of the new age Globalization. Its huge labour resources, providing for a cheap labour base, has been the primary advantage of the country, due to which the country has attracted substantial amount of FDI in the last few years. However, the country saw a massive setback in its economy in 2015-2016, one of the main reasons behind this being the frequent turbulence in the countrys economic and political conditions, contributing to the instability of the country and making it less attractive in the eyes of the foreign MNCs gearing up for outsourcing (Snchez and Luna 2014). This is because no company wants to shift its base or production sector to a location, which in spite of having cheap and abundant source of labour has a disturbed and volatile business environment. The country currently has a high inflation rate and is expected to remain at an economic growth rate of 2% in 2017-2018 (Anderson 2013). Infrastructure: The main reason for Malaysia becoming one of the primary centres of attraction of the foreign investors with time is its dynamic and integrated overall infrastructure, which contributes hugely in creating an efficient and competent business and production environment. The country is a fast growing technological giant, with a mixed cultural workforce, consisting mainly of Malays, Indians and Chinese, all of whom are known for their efficiency and productivity in the worldwide labour market (Forbes.com, 2017). The labour force in Malaysia is multi-lingual, skilled and with English proficiency. Moreover, the with the projected development of the TRX or the Tun Razak Exchange, a new and more production augmenting economic structure is expected to develop in the country (Razak 2013). Malaysian economy also provides all around cost effectiveness for the investors in terms of affordability. Not only in terms of labour resources or in terms of materials required for production, benefits are also there in terms of real estates, lands, overall transport costs within the country and other basic amenities and facilities like schooling and health care, thereby making the country even more lucrative for outsourcing by the MNCs (Ahmad, Jabeen and Khan 2014). In order to make itself more attractive in the eye of the global investment market, Malaysia stresses on building a strong and world class integrated connectivity in terms of robust transport facilities and high speed internet connectivity all over the country. The business environment of the country is unique in the sense that it is stable as well as dynamic. It is dynamic in the sense that the country has been and is still expanding its economic possibilities by improving, innovating and improvising its economic and industrial sectors. On the other hand, the country seldom experiences economic or socio-political turmoil and labour or worker unrest, thereby making it a stable economy and fit for production and for attracting the outsourced production units of many MNCs (Aziz 2012). Table 1: Ranking of countries in terms of business compatibility (Source: Aman et al. 2012) From the Table 1, it is evident, that Malaysia is currently performing quite well in the economic indicators such as financial attractiveness, skills and efficiency of the countrys workforce and business environment. The total score of the country in terms overall prospect of the country as a business destination, is 5.99, which is quite high and just after huge developing economies like India and China (Maelah et al. 2012). Malaysia being comparatively a much smaller economy, has been performing impressive, thereby making itself one of the most preferred destinations for the outsourcing of the MNCs, especially those who want to outsource their manufacturing sector offshore. The Raque Food System, therefore, can consider this country as one of their possible candidates for outsourcing their manufacturing unit (Razak 2013). The above table also shows the performance of Mexico in terms of the same economic indicators. It can be seen that where Malaysia secures te third position in the global scenario, scoring an impressive 5.99 in the over-all index, Mexico lies a little lower than Malaysia, at the sixth position with an overall score of 5.72. The main indicator, where Mexico scores much less than Malaysia, is the overall business environment (Anderson 2013). This may be because unlike Malaysia, Mexico experiences frequent and long-term unrests in the economic and political scenario. The illegal activities and drug related issues of the country are also quite high and unsettling and due to an unstable economic scenario, the country has failed to develop its overall infrastructure over the time, thereby slowly losing its place to other countries like Malaysia (Pan, Widner and Enomoto 2012). Trade Policies: For facilitating the overall economic expansion of the country and for attracting global investments, the Malaysian Government has formed several favourable policies in their ETP. The Government primarily offers lucrative tax solutions and huge subsidies for the foreign companies to attract more FDI. There is no income tax until the first ten years of the investment and investment tax allowance for five years in Malaysia (Aziz 2012). Apart from that, it also offers facilities and benefits like freedom of ownership, freedom to borrow capital and resources from the global market, beneficial cyber laws and laws protecting intellectual properties of the companies operating in Malaysia, absence of censorship in internet, and competitive tariff rates (Maelah et al. 2012). Cultural Differences and Risks: One of the primary hurdles that can be faced by a company in outsourcing its operations to offshore locations is that of the cultural and socio-political diversities (Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes 2015). In case of Malaysia, the risks arising due to these particular differences are low. This is because, firstly, the country is a multi-lingual one, with an overall high English proficiency as major share of the population consists of Indian and Chinese. Therefore, communication and understanding of instructions are not that difficult for the workers. Political risks are also low in this country due to its stable and productive environment. The risks are higher in case of Mexico as it is culturally more constricted. The primary language being Spanish, the language barrier is more and politically too the country is far more unstable with frequent turmoil and unrest (Robles, Caldern and Magaloni 2013). Advantages of moving to Malaysia: For the Raque Food Systems, there are several benefits of moving the manufacturing unit to Malaysia. Firstly, the country is a source of cheap, English knowing, skilled labour (Ranking 43/197 in the global yearly minimum wage estimates, where UK ranks 1/197 and USA ranks 9/197, higher ranks implying higher minimum wage) (Pan, Widner and Enomoto 2012). The constant technological innovations and building of an excellent infrastructure, complemented by investor friendly trade policies make the country the most feasible candidate for the Raque Food Systems to outsource their production to increase cost effectiveness (Rani et al. 2013). Due to robust transport network, shipping can also become smooth from this country. Malaysia also enjoys a strategic location and is a gateway to the tremendously lucrative vast Asian and the Middle East markets, which adds to its credibility as the offshore location for outsourcing for the company (Raque.com, 2017). Disadvantages of moving to Mexico: Mexico, though having a bigger worker base and more affordability compared to Malaysia, loses its credibility to big extent due to its overall unstable economy and upsurge of political unrests and illegal activities. Labour base in Mexico, though bigger in number, are less skilled than Malaysia. The infrastructure, trade policies, tax breaks are also not that favourable for attracting outsourcings by the foreign MNCs as it can create hurdles in shipping of their products. The cultural and lingual barriers are also high in this country with respect to its competitors (Robles, Caldern and Magaloni 2013). Discussion: From the above discussion, it can be seen that for the Raque Food Systems, cost cutting can be massively done by relocating their production unit to offshore location, preferably Malaysia and not Mexico, though the latter has a bigger labour base. Outsourcing to Malaysia will reduce their labour costs significantly as is evident from the minimum wage statistics discussed above. Malaysia, being a labour intensive as well as technologically sound and stable economy will be beneficial for the concerned company not only in terms of cost effectiveness but also in terms of providing markets for their products. References: Ahmad, S.Z., Jabeen, F. and Khan, M., 2014. Entrepreneurs choice in business venture: Motivations for choosing home-stay accommodation businesses in Peninsular Malaysia.International Journal of Hospitality Management,36, pp.31-40. Ahmed, E.M., 2012. Are the FDI inflow spillover effects on Malaysia's economic growth input driven?.Economic Modelling,29(4), pp.1498-1504. Ajagbe, M.A. and Ismail, K., 2014. Factors influencing venture capital assessment of high growth companies in Malaysia.International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business,21(4), pp.457-494. Aman, A., Hamzah, N., Amiruddin, R. and Maelah, R., 2012. Transaction costs in finance and accounting offshore outsourcing: a case of Malaysia.Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal,5(1), pp.72-88. Anderson, C., 2013. Mexico: the new China.New York Times,27. Aziz, R.A., 2012. New Economic Policy and the Malaysian multiethnic middle class.Asian Ethnicity,13(1), pp.29-46. Forbes.com (2017).Forbes Welcome. [online] Forbes.com. 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